Cognitive-enhancing and anti-oxidant potentials of garlic and ginger were simultaneously
investigated in the study. This came as a backdrop of the myriads of speculations that these fruits could
possess the said properties. Fresh fruits of garlic and ginger were obtained and juiced using a standard
fruit extractor and were mixed and administered to the animals as scheduled. Thirty albino wistar rats
were randomly divided into five groups of various treatment: group 1 (control group), group 2
(garlic/ginger low dose), group 3 (garlic/ginger high dose), group 4 (Donepezil drug), group 5
(garlic/ginger/drug low dose), and group 6 (garlic/ginger/drug high dose) for 6 weeks. Various cognitive
tasks were employed to all the groups during the treatment periods using Morris Water Maze and
Elevated Plus Maze. A multi-trial approach was used to assess the cognitive behavior of the rats. Brain
tissues of the rats were harvested and homogenized at negative degree and prepared for oxidative stress
marker assays. The results showed a well improved cognitive modification in terms of memory
consolidation and spatial learning especially in the groups served with the mixture at high dose. The
memory re-enforcement increased exponentially as the trial tasks increased. The patterns of expression of
the oxidative stress enzymes were up-regulated at high dose mixture group and high dose mixture plus
drug group. The mixture of garlic and ginger blend prevented cognitive deficits in rats. In summary, the
obtained results suggested that the blend of garlic and ginger could exert potent anti-amnesic and
cognitive enhancing effects through modulation of the antioxidant activity in the hippocampus of the rat
model.

The research was carried out to investigate the effect of cannabis on stress induced
disturbance of visuo-spatial memory and cognitive activities using Albino wistar rat. The experimental
procedure for visuo-spatial memory was done using a visual cues cage with objects of different shapes like
triangular, round, cylindrical, square and rectangular-shape objects. The cognitive activities were carried
out using the navigational maze task, beam walking, inverted screen test and hand grip test while the pre-
pulse inhibition test was done using the acoustic bell. Twenty male albino wistar rats were acquired, and
divided into four groups (group 1, 2, 3 and 4) of five rats in each cage. While group 1 received only feed
and water serving as the control, group 2 were given 0.4g/kg of cannabis orally, group 3 were given
0.8g/kg cannabis orally. Group 4 (valium) were administered intraperitonally. The findings showed a
significant (P<0.05) before and after exposure to stressful conditions in the test groups, during the acquisition training there was no significant difference in cognitive activities, spatial and pre-pulse inhibition test between the test and control group (P<0.05) but in reverse training (stressful phase)the cognitive, spatial and pre-pulse inhibition test for group 2 and 3 (cannabis groups) was found to be significantly (P<0.05) higher, compared to the control, while group 4 (valium group) was significantly (P<0.05) lower compared to the first two test and control. From the findings carried out, cannabis tend to increase cognitive activities, pre-pulse inhibition and spatial memory.